Public Value

Purpose: As the times are changing rapidly, the change in the educational paradigm of universities is in an environment where it is impossible to retreat any more. Global leaders and future companies are demanding talents with collaboration, communication, and creativity. The most important educational system for nurturing talents with these competencies in universities requires a change in educational method from one-way education to interactive education. This paper is to propose the development of a communication education model to meet the creative convergence-type talent cultivation desired by the future society in the age of artificial intelligence. Method: The true meaning of interactive education is to increase the participation rate of learners in class and to increase self-directed learning ability and creativity through self-learning. Moreover, creativity development comes from the process of self-learning with interest. As distance classes increase due to COVID-19, the realization of interactive communication education is emerging as a biggest problem. There is a way to support the implementation of sufficient learning in online and offline education by using smart tools instead of test papers. This paper is to focus on using the interactive communication tools such as QuizN, Symflow, and Padlet. Results: In order to enhance the creativity of learners at universities, which are higher education institutions, efforts such as the development of various programs, the production of various contents, and the design and development of teaching and learning methods should be made. In addition, the following conditions are required for the educational method in universities for creativity enhancement. First, the learner's interest, motivation, and voluntary participation in class must be preceded. Second, it is necessary to enhance the humanities thinking ability, which has the characteristic of multiplicity. Third, the learner must lead the class proactively. Conclusion: This study proposed the development of the interactive education model for creative convergence talents. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that it will greatly contribute to the development of education such as program development, content production, and teaching-learning method development for value creation of an academic education model. Moreover, given the reality of conducting online distance education due to COVID-19, it is expected that the interactive communication education model proposed in this study can be fully utilized.

Purpose: In this study, how the identity of women characters in Disney's animation of “Aladdin” was changed among the live action film characters, and how they were visually reflected were analyzed, and the value with providing help for the new contents development for the production of live action films. Method: Princess Jasmine, Aladdin's woman character, was selected as the research subject, and the scenes overlapping with the original animation were extracted from the live action film scenes, after which the characters, makeup, hairstyle, apparel styling, and apparel colors were compared and analyzed. As for the color analysis, it was performed by using the Korean Standard Color’s Color Analysis(KSCA) program. Results: Princess Jasmine's character orientation was completed with a new character who sought to become the Sultan of Agrabah by breaking away from a passive and male dependent woman. In the live action film, the eye shadow and lip color were changed to produce the angular eyebrows and clear eyes, while the hairstyle was changed to colorful accessories, braided hair, parting position, and upstyle, respectively. In the anime, blue is the primary color for apparel on the exposed tops and pants, and depending on the situation, a sexy image was created with the color of red. In the live action film, it was a formal dress and pants, while purple, gold, orange, and green were primarily used since the signature colors is blue green. Conclusion: The identity of Princess Jasmine's woman character has transformed from femininity to an entrepreneurial leader, and it is expected that the character analysis and research will continue to develop creative and original films when producing the live action films which recreate animation characters.

Purpose: The primary purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze the relationship between civil servants' satisfaction with flexible-work arrangement and their job satisfaction. In addition, another goal of this study is to verify the moderating effect of decision-making on the relationship between satisfaction with flexible-work system and job satisfaction. By doing so, this study is highly anticipated not only to contribute to the development of Korea’s quantitative research on flexible-work system, but also to provide implications for enhancing the effects of flexible-work arrangement from a practical point of view. Method: To verify the hypotheses of this study, the 2020 Public Employee Perception Survey data provided by the Korea Institute of Public Administration(KIPA) was used. The subjects of this survey are public officials from the central administrative agencies and metropolitan local governments. Variables included in the analysis model of this study include job satisfaction(dependent variable), satisfaction with flexible-work arrangement(independent variable), decision-making(control variable), gender, age, marital status, educational background, and position(control variable). Statistical analysis was performed to verify the moderating effect by validating the hypotheses through regression analysis. Results: As a result of the statistical analysis, civil servants with a higher level of satisfaction with their flexible-work arrangement were found to have a higher job satisfaction than their counterpart. Moreover, hypothesis testing on the moderating effect of decision-making on the relationship between satisfaction with flexible-work arrangement and job satisfaction verified a partial moderating effect of decision-making. In addition, older civil servants and married civil servants tend to have higher job satisfaction than each of their corresponding counterparts. Conclusion: In order to overcome the limitations of quantitative studies conducted on flexible-work arrangement in Korea, this study analyzed the quantitative relationship between satisfaction with flexible-work system and job satisfaction and confirmed a positive relationship between the two variables. In addition, the moderating effect of decision-making on the positive influential relationship between satisfaction with flexible-work arrangement and job satisfaction were verified. It suggests that in order to further strengthen the positive relationship between satisfaction with flexible-work system and job satisfaction, efforts need to be made to enhance the fairness and transparency of decision-making process within organizations.

Purpose: ‘Hairstyles express visual beauty, so images can be perceived differently. This study conducted a study on Milbon's color hair dye that can create public value through changes in appearance according to hair color. Although there are many studies related to brands such as Wella, Amos, and L'Oreal in the preceding studies related to hair color trends, the current research related to Milbon is very insufficient. Method: The characteristics of S/S and F/W Milbone hair trends from 2016 to 2019 were examined, and the color trend of Milbone was analyzed by examining prior research and Internet data. For the empirical method, 500 photos of actresses who appeared in dramas aired from 2016 to 2019 were collected based on 8 colors of the Milbone color trend, and the final 24 photos were selected and analyzed among 40 photos about hair color and Milbone color trend. Results: As a result of analyzing through an empirical method based on the consideration of previous studies, 2016 expressed softness in a natural atmosphere, healthy and strong, 2017 expressed sophistication that can add natural and modernity, and 2018 It expresses a casual atmosphere and beautiful dignity. And 2019 expressed luxury, maturity, and conservative but stylish. Conclusion: It was found that the hair color of the celebrities who appeared in the selected drama best expressed the image and feeling from the concept, texture, and hair color appearing in the Milborn color trend. As a result of comparative analysis from a subjective point of view, there is a limit to securing universality, and we hope that there will be follow-up studies on hair color trends in the future, and we want to become a cornerstone of data that can be used by predicting future hair trends.

Purpose: As the economy grows, many forests, fields, and agricultural land have been converted into industrial complexes. Accordingly, there are deep concerns about damage to the natural ecosystem and environmental impact. This study analyzed the factors related to the natural environment by type for industrial complexes promoted in forest areas. The authors hope to balance development and conservation by identifying the relationship between factors related to the natural environment. In addition, this study tried to derive rational ways to develop industrial complexes suitable for low-carbon green growth. Method: This study was analyzed based on 95 environmental impact assessments that business operators applied for consultation with agencies concerned to build industrial complexes in Daegu and Gyeongbuk, Korea, for 16 years from 2005 to 2020. The researchers conducted a one-way ANOVA analysis to determine the difference in green area ratio, forest field ratio, tree transplantation ratio, and ecological area ratio by industrial complex type . Post-hoc analysis was performed by the Scheffe test. This paper used the Spss Statistics 21 statistics program to conduct the above statistical analysis. Results: The number of consultations for industrial complexes was highest for general industrial complexes. The green area ratio was 5.60% higher in national industrial complexes than in agricultural and industrial complexes. The forest field ratio was 71.84% in quasi-industrial complexes, 40.14% higher than 31.70% in quasi-agro-industrial complexes. The tree transplantation ratio was low in national industrial complexes and quasi-industrial complexes. The ecological area ratio decreased by 72.93% after development compared to before development in general industrial complexes and decreased by 65.75% after development compared to before development in national industrial complexes. Conclusion: Before the industrial complex development, the forest field ratio showed differences by type. However, there was no difference in the ecological area ratio after the development of the industrial complex. This result was seen as the minimum standard set by law in parks and green areas. Therefore, it is necessary to develop eco-friendly industrial complexes rather than reckless development to minimize forest damage. The authors believe it is necessary to respond to climate change and contribute to low-carbon green growth by minimizing the forest area within the development area and increasing the ecological area ratio and tree transplantation ratio after development.

Purpose: This paper is to review some recent studies on There existential sentences under the notion of Information Structure, showing that the main purpose of using There sentence is to stress negative or quantifier words within the sentence. It begins with some research data on the patterns of There existential sentences in two English novels, one Korean-English translation and three versions of English-Korean translation: ‘Sense and Sensibility’, ‘Pride and Prejudice’ by Jane Austen; and three English-Korean translations of ‘Pride and Prejudice’ . Then, it follows two empirical studies on the acquisition level of There sentences. Method: There are two studies on research data analysis and two empirical studies. The first research data of two novels is from Literature Online Collection(Lion) and uses AntConc corpus analysis toolkit(3.5.8.0). In the second study, ‘The Vegetarian’ is chosen as a representative of Korean-English novel because it won The Man Booker International Prize. However, the three English-Korean translated versions of ‘Pride and Prejudice’ are randomly chosen. Then, the first acquisition level study has 17 university students answer 9 questions on information structure sentences; There expletive, passive and inversion sentences, and the second study has 75 students answer 12 questions on There sentences only. Both studies use SPSS 20.0 for the data analysis. Results: According to the text analysis, more than 50% of There sentences have negative words or quantifiers with nouns as a way of end-focus realization. In other words, one of the main reasons to use the There construction is to stress the non-existence of a certain noun or the quantity of a noun using There expletive. Thus, the data from translations says There sentences with quantifiers are more realized than those with negatives, and this also applies to the level of acquisition. The survey participants of the empirical studies are shown more aware of the sentences with quantifiers than negative words. Conclusion: English writers or speakers use There expletive sentences for specific reasons and one of them is to make readers or hearers to focus on some negatives or quantifiers with the nouns within the sentence. However, it seems that this reason has not been considered in both English education and English-Korean translation. Even though the studies mentioned in this paper need more back up data in both research and empirical area, this summary of previous studies will be a starting point to lead to further studies in this field.

Purpose: Nail art today has taken its place as a genre of art to which individual and creative senses are added beyond the simple example of cutting finger and toe nails. With a view to expand the design of the Zentangle Pattern to the aspect of nail art by developing unique designs by utilizing the Zentangle Pattern via reflecting the preference of the modern people perennially seeking new objects, the purpose lies with developing a stimulus which presents only the main design by utilizing elements of reinforcement, thereby taking its place as a public value. Method: As for the research method, the formative elements of the Zentangle Pattern were considered, and the 4 elements of dot, line, plane, and shape were utilized through the related previous papers and books, and based on the books carrying the contents similar to the curriculum taught at Zentangle.com of the United States, 42 pieces of main designs were presented with 7 points for 6 special characteristic for each reinforcement. Results: As a consequent of which, the 6 special characteristics for each reinforcement of the Zentangle Pattern could be applied to the nail design in various angles to present possibilities of design. Conclusion: Through this study, it was possible to confirm the potential for expanding the area of design by being utilized as a design which may elevate the consumers’ satisfaction with visually unique and creative designs in the field of nail industry. It is expected that, based on the researcher's 42 pieces of main designs, various designs for the development of reconfigurable designs and new expressive techniques will become a subject of study which may carry a public value.